PESAN: hijaukan lagi 43 pohonnya diperbanyak jangan ditebang terus
"STOP GLOBAL WARMING,MAKE THE GREENWORLD BECOME TRUE"
KESAN: enjoy enjoy aja,,
Minggu, 30 November 2008
Senin, 19 Mei 2008
es di greenland dan global warming
Es di Greenland dan Global Warming
Credit: NASA/Robert Simmon and Marit Jentoft-Nilsen. Foto satelit yang menunjukkan jumlah hari terjadinya proses pelelehan di tahun 2006. Warna biru gelap menunjukkan area yang memiliki hari pelelehan terbesar.
Monitoring terhadap pelelehan saju di lapisan es Greenland secara harian dilakukan dengan Special Sensor Microwave Imaging radiometer (SSM/I) yang berada di pesawat ruang angkasa Defense Meteorological Satellite Program. Sensor akan mengukur sinyal elektromagnetik yang dipancarkan lapisan es dan mendeteksi lelehan salju yang terjadi lebih dari 10 hari lebih lama dari rata-rata yang terjadi pada area tertentu di Greenland.
Dengan adanya hasil pengamatan satelit secara periodik memberikan data dan informasi yang akan membantu para peneliti untuk mengetahui kecepatan alir glacier, banyaknya air dari salju yang mencair dan bergabung dengan lautan disekitarnya, juga untuk mengetahui seberapa banyak radiasi Matahari yang akan dipantulkan kembali ke atmosfer.
Jumlah hari dimana terjadi pelelehan di tahun 2006 berada di atas rata-rata proses pelelehan di tahun 1988-2005. Area merah gelap mingindikasikan anomali jumlah hari yang berada di atas rata-rata. Credit: NASA/Robert Simmon and Marit Jentoft-Nilsen
Mencairnya salju di Greenland memberi pengaruh yang sangat besar terhadap luas lapisan es yang terus berkurang dan terhadap tinggi dan dalam lautan diseluruh dunia. Sebagian air yang dihasilkan dari salju yang mencair juga akan mengalir kedalam glacier melalui patahan-patahan dan alur lubang vertikal (moulin), kemudian mencapai lapisan batuan dibawahnya dan melubrikasi (meminyaki, mencairkan) lapisan es diatasnya.
Pengamatan dan studi yang dilakukan sebelumnya oleh Jay Zwally dan Waleed Abdalati dari NASA Goddard menunjukkan, air yang mencair pada musim panas pada dasar lapisan es bisa meningkatkan gerak es dan menyebabkan terjadinya peningkatan level lautan (tinggi dan dalamnya) dengan sangat cepat. Fenomena ini akan mempercepat terjadinya pemanasan global.
Gambar skematik permukaan glacial yang mengilustrasikan bagaimana moulins mentransport air ke dasar glacier.
Nine-Tailed Demon Fox
- Name: Nine-Tailed Demon Fox (九尾の妖狐, Kyūbi no Yōkō)
- Creature type: Kitsune (Magical many tailed fox)
- Host: Naruto Uzumaki
- Unique traits: Near-limitless chakra, massive strength
- Status: Active, sealed in host.
The Nine-Tailed Demon Fox is a truly powerful beast; a single swipe of one of its nine tails can raise tsunamis and flatten mountains. After the demon fox attacked Konohagakure, Minato Namikaze, the Fourth Hokage, sealed it into his newborn son, Naruto, by using the Dead Demon Consuming Seal, sacrificing his own life to do so.
Background
The demon fox is the most powerful of all the tailed beasts. It is an age-old natural disaster which can appear out of nowhere and goes into areas where human malice collects and festers. The demon fox's only known exploit was its attack on Konoha, where as it decimated all the ninja that came to it, only to be defeated by Minato Namikaze, and Gamabunta, the "Chief Toad". At an unknown time, the demon fox met with the founder of the Uchiha clan, Madara Uchiha, who used his Mangekyo Sharingan to control it and used the demon fox to attack Konoha (although Madara claims the demon fox's attack on Konoha had nothing to do with him or Uchiha, saying it was a "natural occurance"). Ever since then, the demon fox has a special loathing for the Sharingan and those who uses it, even remarking Sasuke Uchiha's eyes and chakra was far more sinister than its own, because his Sharingan reminded it of Madara.
Personality
The demon fox is a beast of almost complete malevolence. It is intelligent, and has a scathing and sadistic personality. However, it does have a sense of honor, and possesses a loathing respect for Naruto and the Fourth Hokage. Additionally, it has a distinct sense of pride and became rather angry and scornful at Naruto when he rejected its chakra in Part II, though this might have merely been anger over missing an opportunity to partially usurp control over Naruto's mind and body and thus weakening the seal. The demon fox relishes the thought of killing Naruto, but it knows it has to help as long it's sealed within him or it will die. As it was being supressed by Sasuke, the demon fox warned him not to kill Naruto, he'd only end up regretting it if he did.
Activity inside Naruto
As the demon fox's host, Naruto has accelerated healing, almost unrivaled stamina, and access to the demon fox's immense amount of chakra. The near-limitless chakra allows Naruto to perform his signature jutsu, Shadow Clone Technique, seemingly without limit. He is even able to summon Gamabunta, a normally Kage-level feat requiring a huge amount of chakra proportionate to the size of the summoned creature.
Naruto typically accesses this prodigious supply of chakra from the demon fox during extreme emotional states or life-threatening situations. When he first accessed it, the demon fox's innate rage took over Naruto's mind, causing him to strike out at whatever was near him at the time. Afterwards, Naruto learned to exercise more control over the chakra, and he can now retain his mental state when drawing upon small amounts of the demon fox's chakra. After Jiraiya's training, Naruto learns to summon a small degree of the demon fox's power at will. To do this, Naruto travels into his own subconscious (depicted as a sewer) and demands the demon fox to give him its chakra, which he calls it "rent". The demon fox simply complies with him because it is amused by Naruto's bravery, as well its own vested interest in Naruto's continued survival.
The Third Hokage and Kakashi Hatake allude that if Naruto loses all control of the demon fox's chakra, the seal will break and the demon fox will be released. Though the seal is unlikely to break on its own, the chances of it happening increase as Naruto draws upon the demon fox's chakra. After Naruto trained with Jiraiya, and Jiraiya inadvertently released the four-tailed transformation, Jiraiya mentions that the seal may be becoming weaker over time. This is evident in Naruto's transformations, which occur much quicker and with greater intensity than they did in the first part of the series, often against his own will. As has been seen during Naruto's training sessions, even the slightest amount of frustration on Naruto's part allows the demon fox's chakra to leak out in excess, and Naruto rapidly progresses to a four-tailed state.
The Seal
Jiraiya later reveals that Naruto's four-tailed transformation was his doing by using the toadkey with the same seal on its belly as on Naruto's. He had the toad "twist" the seal a little, which resulted in the demon fox's chakra taking over. Jiraiya mentions that the Fourth Hokage split the demon fox's chakra in two halves, sealing the Yin chakra making it inaccessible to Naruto, but sealing the Yang chakra allowed Naruto to access it.
Influences
The kitsune (狐) is a well-known character in Japanese folklore, and the influence behind not only the demon fox, but many other reincarnations in modern Japanese culture. It likes to play tricks and pranks on people, and on occasions, transforms itself into a beautiful woman and seduces a man (obviously the inspiration for Sexy Technique). Also, kitsune are known to keep their promises, a trait Naruto has; his ninja way is to "never go back on [his] word." It should also be noted that every time Naruto loses control and is overwhelmed by the demon fox's chakra, he seemingly gains another "tail" of chakra. This stems from the belief that the more tails a kitsune has, the more powerful it is, with nine tails usually being the limit.
It might also be noted that according to Chinese mythology, the last king of the Shang Dynasty was seduced by a beautiful, but malevolent nine-tailed fox spirit, which eventually resulted in his downfall, and this could have been another source of inspiration for the Kyūbi.
sejarah klan uchiha
(うちはマダラ, Uchiha Madara) also known as Tobi[1] (トビ) in Akatsuki, was formerly Zetsu's subordinate. Madara became a full Akatsuki member after Sasori's death and afterwards wore the same ring as Sasori having recovered it after his death and taking his place as Deidara's partner.[2] After Deidara's death, he revealed his real name and that he had been the one giving Pein orders, making him the true leader of Akatsuki. Only Konan and Pein who were the only Akatsuki members known to have been present at that meeting, Zetsu, and apparently Itachi Uchiha knew his true identity. He is one of four people who can use the Mangekyo Sharingan, the other three being Itachi Uchiha, Sasuke Uchiha, and Kakashi Hatake.
Background
Eighty years ago, when shinobi were battling as individual clans, not as villages - among a countless number of them, two clans emerged as the strongest; the Uchiha clan and the Senju clan of the forest. Madara was born with the strongest chakra that his clan, the Uchiha, had ever seen. Because of this, Madara Uchiha is considered the "founding father" of the Uchiha clan. He was also the first to activate the Mangekyo Sharingan. He had a younger brother, who was equal to him in every way, even possessing the Mangekyo Sharingan, and together they ruled over the Uchiha. But eventually Madara went blind, unaware of any side effects of the Mangekyo Sharingan at the time. He became increasingly desperate to regain his eyesight. His brother agreed to give his eyes up for Madara. At some point in Madara's early life, after fighting them for a long time, he, by the decsision of the entire Uchiha Clan except for him, formed an alliance with the Senju Clan of the Forest, Hashirama Senju's clan, and together with its leader, the future First Hokage, Madara founded Konohagakure.
However, Madara saw how his clan was suppressed and how the Senju Clan prospered in this new village, and soon he was called a monster who stole his own brother's eyes, just for his own desires. Eventually everyone went against Madara, and he decided to leave the village. Feeling hurt he came back wanting revenge against Konohagakure which led to a battle at the Valley of the End, the battle ending with Madara's defeat, but not death. Madara fled, and was never seen or heard of again out in the public for decades. To commemorate the battle, two statues, of Madara and the First Hokage, were carved into the earth around the waterfall. It is for this reason that Naruto Uzumaki and Sasuke Uchiha's fight at that location was noted to be ironic.
Madara created the criminal organization known as the Akatsuki to look over problems. He hid behind the shadows and placed Pein as the figure-head leader, with Madara giving Pein orders from the background. Outside of Pein, the only members who are shown knowing Madara's position as the true leader are Konan, Zetsu and Itachi.
Itachi Uchiha believes it was Madara himself that controlled the demon fox to attack Konoha, though he denies this, saying that the fox was a natural disaster. Nevertheless, when he came to destroy the entire village in revenge, he met up with Itachi who, had already been assigned his mission to kill his clan, who then talked Madara into only killing the Uchiha Clan. He taught Itachi about the Mangekyo Sharingan, helping him by teaching him how to unlock its true power. After Itachi killed off the Uchiha clan because of orders from the Leaf Village, Madara let Itachi into Akatsuki, for unknown reasons. Itachi refers to Madara today as "a pathetic shell of his former self, no longer worthy of being called the greatest Uchiha."[3]
[edit] Personality
Madara is very calm and serious, a trait he shares with most of the Akatsuki. He speaks with less formal diction, such as not using honorifics, and shows typically 'villainous' arrogance. Despite this apparent arrogance, he is not above complimenting the abilities of Sasuke Uchiha and Naruto Uzumaki, if only for the interest of Sasuke's Sharingan and Naruto's tailed beast.
Despite his villainous personality, during the first wars, he wanted to protect the Uchiha Clan, and knew that the wars would eventually extinguish it, which is why, when the entire clan wanted it, he agreed on the peace treaty with the Senju Clan.
Tobi
To keep in Akatsuki's shadow, Madara eventually took on the guise of Tobi[1] and was placed within Akatsuki as Zetsu's subordinate. As Tobi, Madara wears an orange mask, with swirls focused around the right eye, that covers his entire face outside of his right eye. Before wearing the swirl mask, Madara wore a similar mask, with markings across it, covering his entire face but the right eye.
Furthermore, Tobi has several bolts or pins present on the arms of his uniform, obscured by his Akatsuki cloak.[4] While acting as Tobi, unlike others within Akatsuki, Tobi is carefree and goofy. While Madara also uses a very formal and correct manner of speech.
While Tobi greatly respects his other members, referring to Deidara as Deidara-senpai in the Japanese version, most of the other members tend to get easily annoyed by Tobi. Deidara, who believes all within Akatsuki should be serious and calm, is not pleased with Tobi's childish personality, and frequently attacks Tobi in a comedic fashion when annoyed. Kisame, on the other hand, somewhat appreciates Tobi's ability to brighten up a gloomy organization such as theirs.[5] Ironically, Kisame is now the only living Akatsuki member who doesn't know Tobi's true identity.
As Tobi, Madara has not been seen wearing a forehead protector, probably to seal his identity, though he already has a mask covering his forehead, so this could also be why it is not visible.
Abilities
Madara is known to have the Sharingan and Mangekyo Sharingan, but the rest of his jutsu arsenal remains unknown, as he has never been shown fighting or utilizing jutsu. However, since the Uchiha clan is known for its fire techniques and since he was the big boss once, it is very possible he knows advanced fire techniques. He was armed with a giant fan, which explains the origin of a paper fan being the symbol of the Uchiha clan. He and Deidara were able to defeat the Three Tails, but Madara (as Tobi) was never shown doing anything but running away from it. After the battle, which goes largely unwitnessed, he claims to have knocked it out with a single attack. Deidara disagrees with the assessment, claiming that it was his "artistic contribution" (exploding clay) that allowed them to win. While as Tobi, Madara is also shown planting Deidara's clay minefields underground during a later battle. Later it is shown that he became the "invincible immortal" that Itachi claims him to be by first killing his best friend to achieve the Mangekyo Sharingan and then made this permanent by taking the eyes of his younger brother.
Madara shows the ability to recover from what are presumably debilitating or fatal blows. After being slashed across the midsection by Sasuke's sword, he collapses, only to stand up again a few seconds later and complain about the speed of the attack,[6] and later when Naruto hits him in the back with a Rasengan [7]. The attacks literally phase through him, avoiding damage. Itachi later remarks Madara as an "invincible immortal."[8]
Madara also shows the ability to travel long distances within relatively short timespans, escaping the final explosion created by Deidara and reappearing in Amegakure, then travelling to the Valley of the End all within a very short time span. This ability has two explanations, first it is speculated that he uses space/time ninjutsu to instantly send himself or even parts of his body to different locations or some sort of void and instantly bring them back. This was noted in his fight with Naruto, Sakura, Sai, Kakashi, Yamato, Kiba, Hinata, and Shino when Naruto attacked with a full powered Rasengan that phased right through him, and also when he escaped Shino's bugs even though they were completely surrounding his body. Second, when Madara criticzised Zetsu's slow speed, Zetsu responds with a remark implying that his jutsu enables him to move at the speed of light.
After he escaped Deidara's final explosion, it is revealed that he possesses the Sharingan, shown visible through the opening of his mask. The demon fox mentioned that Madara's chakra was sinister, more sinister than its own. Madara was the only person capable of taming the demon fox which was said to only come where human malice collects and festers, yet he was able to use the Sharingan to tame the tailed beast.
During Itachi's fight with Sasuke, it is revealed that Madara Uchiha and his younger brother were the first members of the Uchiha to activate the Mangekyo Sharingan, and used its power to take over the clan. After going blind his brother willingly gave away his eyes, (not to mention his life) according to Madara. Madara then awakened a new "eternal" Mangekyo Sharingan, a combination of his own and his brother's Mangekyo Sharingan which gave him untold amounts of power without the risk of losing his eyesight. It was with this power Madara was able to forcibly subdue the demon fox.
Part II
Rescue Gaara arc
Madara is first introduced as Tobi alongside Zetsu collecting the rings of Deidara and Sasori. While Sasori's ring is collected, Deidara, who managed to live, appears and reclaims his own ring. After annoying Deidara three times, Deidara responds by comically choking Tobi with his feet. Using Sasori's ring, Tobi manages to join Akatsuki, though Zetsu claims it isn't as easy as collecting the ring.
Hidan & Kakuzu arc
Tobi, who by now has successfully joined Akatsuki, is partnered with Deidara and sent to collect the Three-Tailed Beast. After Deidara reveals that this is Tobi's mission, Tobi, panicking, is seen only running away from the Three-Tails in a comic fashion. After the battle, which goes mostly unwitnessed, Tobi triumphantly claims to have defeated Three-Tails in a single blow, though Deidara disagrees. Tobi later falls asleep atop the Three-Tails, much to the anger of Deidara, who "wakes him up" by detonating a clay bomb next to him.
Hunt for Uchiha arc
Tobi is seen following Deidara, who is chasing Sasuke Uchiha, and eventually join Deidara's battle with Sasuke, though he does little besides laying mines for him and serving as a distraction. When Deidara prepares to use C4, Deidara orders Tobi to flee, though, while escaping C4, Tobi is later shown getting killed by Deidara's final explosion.
It is later revealed, however, that Madara lived, as he is seen ordering Pein in Amegakure just a few minutes after Deidara's death. Madara gives Pein the order to personally capture Naruto Uzumaki. Madara then travels to the Valley of the End on his own statue as Tobi, and while resting there comments that Sasuke Uchiha's Sharingan is growing more powerful.
Madara appears as Tobi to stop Naruto, Hinata, Yamato, Kakashi, Sakura, Shino, Sai, and Kiba from searching for Sasuke and Itachi Uchiha, and phases through all attacks the group sends, even a full-powered Rasengan from Naruto Uzumaki and a full ranged attack from Shino even after completely covered in bugs. Tobi continued to fight the 8-Man Squad until Zetsu arrived to tell him that Itachi had died, which was no surprise to Madara. Before he took his leave, the Sharingan, which he possessed, was spotted by Kakashi. Tobi and Zetsu arrived at Itachi's battlefield, to recover the bodies of the two brothers, before the 8-Man Squad caught up to them. Off in a cave somewhere, Sasuke is startled to see Tobi, who says he gave him some first-aid, which also deteriorates the curse seal. Madara then claims to know the truth about Itachi as he removes his mask revealing a glimpse of his Sharingan. In the next chapter, Sasuke is shown using Mangekyo Sharingan but it only appears in his left eye, using Amaterasu. Tobi explains that Itachi gave all of his eye techniques to Sasuke, as a backup plan in case Sasuke ever met him.
He then continues by saying that Sasuke had to question him, calling it his mission and duty. Furthermore he begin revealing that Itachi, risked all to protect the Shinobi World, The Leaf Village and most of all his little brother. He tells Sasuke about how the Senju clan and the Uchiha clan were rivals. When the Senju clan wanted to form an alliance with the Uchiha clan, Madara was the only one against it. He soon agreed and together they formed the Hidden Leaf Village. For the position of Hokage, everyone in the village and the land of Fire chose Hashirama. Madara saw that the Uchiha clan was losing supremacy, and chose to oppose Hashirama. But no one among the Uchiha followed him. They despised him saying that he was greedy and stole his own brother's eyes to save himself. He left the village and bent on revenge challenged the village. Madara and Hashirama fought. Although Madara controlled the Nine-Tailed Demon Fox during the battle, he was defeated in the place now known as the Valley of the End, probably due to Hashirama's Bijū-suppressing jutsu. After the battle, he was presumed dead by most of the village.
Past Speculation
Before Tobi is revealed to be Madara Uchiha, several fans hypothesized that he could be Obito Uchiha, as his only shown eye was the opposite of the eye that was inserted in Kakashi, which replace Kakashi's destroyed left eye in the manga-exclusive Kakashi Gaiden, and their similar hair styles. Also, they both act in the same goofy way, and Tobi has claimed to be a good boy, while Obito was a good boy. Furthermore, Tobi is seen to have pins in his body under the coat, and Obito's body was crushed. The spelling of Obito was also similar to Tobi, creating the fan reference of ObiTobi, or Tobito.
Another fan speculation is that Pein, who now is discovered to have multiple bodies, could have used the remains of Obito to reconstruct the body and revive Madara in the body of Obito, which contained Sharingan only within the right eye, the same eye that Madara has been shown using the Sharingan. It is also possible that Pein employed Kakuzu, who was able to reattach Deidara's arms after they were severed, and could have done similarly with Obito and Madara.
One more speculation is that Orochimaru, who was able to use the Summoning: Impure World Resurrection, as demonstrated in the fight with the Third Hokage, and who was once a member of Akatsuki, probably used or learned it there. And so, it is possible that the body of Obito has been reanimated and the spirit of Madara has been implanted into him using another forbidden jutsu.
Fans also speculated that Madara could also be Danzo, Tobi has bolts on the same arm that Danzo has covered up. Similar hair styles. Not only that, he and Madara share the same hate for the First, Second, and Third Hokage's Teachings and Philosophy.PLus Madara Hates the senju clan, and the first and second were both Senju. Danzo also despises Tsunade for being the Grand-daughter of the First. Danzo also has the same eye covered up that Madara has his Sharingan. Madara also was in Konoha in secrecy, so it is highly possible that he could've been using the alias Danzo to hide true identity, to train Itachi Uchiha and the other members of Root. Madara was also noted be immortal (due to his newly acquired Sharingan. See Chapter 385 and 386). Being as though nobody in the current Konoha knows what Madara looks like, it would easy for him to settle in Konoha. Or Madara could have simply took over his body, in a way that Pein took control of all the shinobi Jiraiya has ever met.
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